LogoClearance
Port Status: Operational
Licensed U.S. Customs Broker · FMC Registered · C-TPAT Certified

Shipment Flow — Factory Floor to U.S. Warehouse

Origin Port

Ocean Transit

CBP Entry Filing

HTS Classification

Duty Payment

FDA Review

Last-Mile Delivery

Every Thread
Accounted For.

Garment-specialist customs brokerage for apparel brands importing from Dhaka and Ho Chi Minh City. HTS classification, FDA holds, duty recovery — handled before your container hits the dock.

10,000+

Garment shipments cleared

0

Shipments lost or abandoned

48 hr

Avg. FDA hold response

$2.4M

Duty recovered for clients (2025)

Spoke 01HTS Classification

Every garment has an HTS code.
Finding the right one saves money.

HTS Decision Tree — Apparel Garments

Is the fabric knit or woven?
KNIT (looped yarns)Chapter 61

Cotton ≥ 85% by weight

T-shirts, singlets, jerseys

6109.10

16.5%

MMF (polyester/nylon) ≥ 85%

Synthetic performance jerseys

6109.90

32.0%

Cotton 36–84% + synthetic blend

Fiber chief weight governs

6110.20 / 6110.30

20.0%

WOVEN (interlaced yarns)Chapter 62

Cotton ≥ 85% by weight

Dress shirts, woven blouses

6205.20

19.7%

Wool ≥ 85% by weight

Blazers, suit jackets

6203.31

20.0% + specific

Synthetic ≥ 85% (woven)

Track suits, ski suits

6211.43

16.0%

Poly-cotton blend (chief weight)

49% vs 51% cotton = different chapter

6205.30 / 6205.20

Varies

Fiber Content Threshold Reference — Chief Weight Rule

Fiber BlendChapterHTS BasisDuty RateStatus
100% Cotton61 / 62610910 / 62052016.5–19.7%Standard
51% Cotton / 49% Polyester61 / 62Cotton governs16.5–19.7%Standard
50% Cotton / 50% Polyester61 / 62Chief weight testAuditableReview
49% Cotton / 51% Polyester61 / 62Synthetic governs28–32%Higher Duty
100% Polyester61 / 62610990 / 62114328–32%Higher Duty
Wool ≥ 85%61 / 62610110 / 62031120% + specificComplex

* Chief weight = the single fiber comprising the greatest weight percentage. When two fibers are equal, the one with the higher duty rate governs.

Spoke 02CBP Programs & ISF

Compliance isn't a checkbox.
It's a strategic position.

CBP Voluntary Programs — Eligibility & Benefits

ProgramEligibility RequirementsKey BenefitsTimelineStatus

C-TPAT

Tier 1–3

U.S. importers with ≥ 2 years import history, documented supply chain security procedures

Reduced exam frequency, front-of-line exam priority, ISA eligibility

6–12 months to certification

Recommended

ISA

Voluntary

Active C-TPAT member, internal trade compliance program, CBP audit readiness

Self-directed compliance, reduced CBP oversight, ACE Portal access

12–18 months post C-TPAT

Advanced

Reconciliation

Post-Entry

Any importer; flagged entries must be reconciled within 21 months of original entry

Correct duty basis after final price/quantity known; FTA claims post-import

Per entry cycle

Standard

ACE

Mandatory

All importers; required for all CBP filings since Feb 2016

Single window filing for CBP + PGA (FDA, CPSC, FWS) submissions

Immediate

Required

IPR

Protective

Brand owners with registered trademarks/copyrights; CBP recordal via e-Recordation

CBP seizure authority on counterfeit garments; exclusion orders at port of entry

30–60 days recordal

Brand Protection

ISF 10+2 Filing Requirements — Ocean Imports

Data ElementFiling WindowSource Document
Seller name & address24h pre-loadCommercial Invoice
Buyer name & address24h pre-loadPurchase Order
Importer of Record #24h pre-loadCBP Bond
Consignee # (if different)24h pre-loadCustoms Power of Attorney
Manufacturer name & address24h pre-loadPacking List
Ship-to party24h pre-loadBill of Lading
Country of origin24h pre-loadCertificate of Origin
HTS number (6-digit minimum)24h pre-loadClassification ruling
HBOL / MBOL numbers24h pre-loadFreight forwarder
Container stuffing location24h pre-vessel departureShipper/Forwarder
Consolidator name & address24h pre-vessel departureNVO/Forwarder

* ISF penalty: $5,000 per violation for late/inaccurate filing. Clearance files ISF as your licensed broker — never a day late.

Spoke 03FDA Holds & Resolution

A hold notice at 5 PM Friday
is not a crisis if you know the playbook.

FDA Hold Resolution Protocol — Apparel & Textile Imports

01
Hold Notice ReceivedDay 0Immediate

FDA issues DWPE (Detention Without Physical Examination) or exam notice via ACE. Clearance receives automated alert within 2 hours of CBP system update.

Pull FDA OASIS entry record
Identify hold reason code
Notify importer same day
02
Cause AnalysisDay 1–2Analysis

Determine hold basis: Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (TFPIA) labeling, country of origin discrepancy, prior import violation, or random exam.

Review product labeling vs. TFPIA requirements
Check prior import history in FDA system
Assess whether refusal or release path is viable
03
Sampling & ExaminationDay 2–5Active

If physical exam required, coordinate with FDA-approved exam site. Textile sampling follows 21 CFR Part 1 procedures. Results typically 3–5 business days.

Arrange CBP/FDA exam at port
Provide complete commercial documentation
Prepare fiber content lab test results if available
04
Submission of EvidenceDay 5–10Response

Submit Notice of Intent to Present Testimony or Offer for Reconditioning. For labeling violations: corrected labels + affidavit. For origin: additional documentation or lab testing.

Draft FDA response letter
Coordinate relabeling at bonded warehouse if approved
Submit textile lab test from AATCC-accredited lab
05
ResolutionDay 10–21Final

FDA issues Release, Conditional Release, or Refusal. Conditional Release requires reconditioning under FDA supervision. Refusal triggers re-export or destruction within 90 days.

Obtain Release Notice
Complete CBP entry if released
Arrange re-export logistics if refused

Common FDA Hold Causes — Apparel & Textiles

Hold CauseFrequencyStandard Resolution PathAvg. Days
TFPIA Labeling ViolationHighRelabeling at bonded facility14–21
Country of Origin MislabelingHighDocumentation + affidavit10–18
Flammability Standard (16 CFR 1610)MediumLab testing required21–35
Prior Notice (PNSI) — Apparel w/ food contactLowPN submission + clarification5–10
DWPE — Repeat violation importerMediumCorrective Action Plan + audit30–60
Random physical examRoutineExam + documentation3–7
Spoke 04Duty Recovery

Duties paid are not always
duties owed. Here's the difference.

99%

Max drawback recovery on eligible entries

5 yrs

Filing window for manufacturing drawback

$0

Clearance fee on drawback below recovery

18 mo

Avg. Section 301 refund processing time

Duty Drawback Programs — Apparel Importers

Manufacturing Drawback19 USC 1313(a)

Recover 99% of duties paid on imported fabric/materials used to manufacture garments subsequently exported.

Recovery

Up to 99%

High

Example: Import woven fabric from Vietnam ($50K duty paid) → Cut & sew blazers → Export to Canada → Recover $49,500

Eligibility: Manufacturer who imports textile inputs and exports finished garments
Filing: Within 5 years of import
Unused Merchandise Drawback19 USC 1313(j)(1)

Recover 99% of duties on imported merchandise exported in same condition without use in the U.S.

Recovery

Up to 99%

Medium

Example: Import 500 units knitwear, sell 300 domestically, re-export 200 to EU → Recover duties on re-exported 200 units

Eligibility: Importer who re-exports merchandise unused; substitution allowed with same 8-digit HTS
Filing: Within 5 years of import
Rejected Merchandise Drawback19 USC 1313(c)

Recover 99% of duties on merchandise that does not conform to sample/specification or was shipped without consent.

Recovery

Up to 99%

Low-Medium

Example: 200 units knitwear received with wrong fiber content (spec: 85% cotton, actual: 72%) → Reject → Recover duties

Eligibility: Importer who received non-conforming goods; must return or destroy within 90 days of release
Filing: Within 3 years of import
Section 301 Duty ExclusionsUSTR Exclusions

File for retroactive exclusion on China-origin goods subject to Section 301 tariffs (Lists 1–4A) where exclusion was granted.

Recovery

100% of 301 duties

High

Example: $200K Section 301 duties paid on polyester athletic wear → Matching exclusion identified → File for refund

Eligibility: Importers of China-origin goods with active or granted USTR exclusion; requires specific HTS and product description match
Filing: Within 2 years of liquidation

First Sale Valuation — Reduce Dutiable Value at Entry

When a garment passes through a middleman (agent/trading company) before reaching the U.S. importer, duties are typically assessed on the final invoice price. First Sale allows declaration on the factory-to-middleman price — the lowest legitimate transaction value in the chain.

Savings example: Factory price $8.00/unit → Middleman markup → Final invoice $11.00/unit → 1,000 units × 20% duty rate → First Sale saves $600 per shipment.

First Sale Qualification Criteria
Transaction is a "sale for export to the U.S."Required
Goods destined for U.S. at time of first saleRequired
Price clearly indicates the goods are destined for U.S.Required
Documented buying commission or middleman involvementOptional
Factory invoice + middleman invoice + final commercial invoiceRequired
Ruling request filed with CBP (optional but recommended)Optional
Spoke 05Free Trade Zones

FTZs are not for everyone.
Here's who they're actually for.

FTZ Viability by Import Volume — Apparel Importers

Annual Import ValueFTZ Viable?Assessment
Under $500K annual import valueUnlikelyAdmin costs exceed savings for most apparel importers
$500K – $2M annual import valueUnlikelyViable if inventory dwell time > 90 days or weekly shipments
$2M – $10M annual import valueViableClear savings threshold; weekly activation pays for activation fees
$10M+ annual import valueViableMandatory analysis; Section 301 deferral alone justifies FTZ

FTZ Merchandise Status Options

Privileged Foreign Status (PF)Rate at admission date

Duty assessed at HTS/rate at time of admission. Protects against future duty increases on goods already in zone.

Best for: Importers expecting tariff increases; goods with long dwell time

Non-Privileged Foreign Status (NPF)Rate of finished product

Duty assessed at HTS/rate of the manufactured product when transferred to U.S. commerce. Allows zone-to-zone manipulation.

Best for: Manufacturers using FTZ for production; finished goods have lower duty than inputs

Domestic StatusNo additional duty

Duty-paid merchandise admitted to zone retains domestic status; can be mixed with foreign merchandise.

Best for: Bonded warehouse consolidation; returned goods management

Zone-to-Zone TransferDeferred until U.S. entry

Merchandise transferred between FTZ sites without formal CBP entry. Useful for multi-site production operations.

Best for: Multi-location garment manufacturers with separate cut/sew and finishing operations

FTZ Setup Requirements & Timeline

RequirementApproving AuthorityTimeline
FTZ Grantee authorizationFTZ Board (Commerce Dept.)6–18 months (new site)
CBP Operator activationPort Director3–6 months
Weekly Entry (WE) procedureCBP30–60 days post-activation
Inventory control & recordkeeping systemCBP approval60–90 days
Annual reconciliation filingCBPAnnual, 30 days post-year-end
Ready to File

Your container shouldn't
be a question mark.

Send us your product details and we'll review the HTS classification, check for duty recovery opportunities, and flag any FDA compliance gaps — at no charge for the initial review.

No commitment. Response within 48 business hours.